Το BBC και οι «New York Times» είναι δύο από τα διεθνή ΜΜΕ που εξέδωσαν ανακοινώσεις με τις οποίες αναφέρονται στην κάλυψή τους για την έκρηξη στο νοσοκομείο της Γάζας.

Αρκετά ΜΜΕ έχουν αλλάξει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο καλύπτουν πλέον την είδηση, καθώς δεν επιρρίπτουν ευθύνη σε κάποια πλευρά και κάνουν λόγο, απλώς, για έκρηξη στο νοσοκομείο.

Το BBC ζήτησε συγγνώμη για τον τρόπο με τον οποίον μετέδωσε την είδηση, αποδίδοντας ευθύνη στο Ισραήλ. Από την πλευρά τους, οι «New York Times» αναφέρουν ότι στηρίχθηκαν υπερβολικά σε ισχυρισμούς που έκανε η Χαμάς για το περιστατικό.

Η ανακοίνωση των «NYT» για την έκρηξη στο νοσοκομείο στη Γάζα
Οι «NY», σε ανακοίνωση εκ της διευθύνσεως, γράφουν: Στις 17 Οκτωβρίου, οι «New York Times» δημοσίευσαν την είδηση μιας έκρηξης σε νοσοκομείο στην πόλη της Γάζας, ξεκινώντας την κάλυψή τους με ισχυρισμούς αξιωματούχων της Χαμάς ότι η αιτία ήταν ισραηλινή αεροπορική επιδρομή και ότι εκατοντάδες άνθρωποι έχασαν τη ζωή τους ή τραυματίστηκαν.

Η ανακοίνωση συνεχίζει: «Οι πρώτες εκδοχές της κάλυψης -και η προβολή που έλαβε σε πρωτοσέλιδο, ειδησεογραφική ειδοποίηση και στα κανάλια κοινωνικής δικτύωσης- στηρίχθηκαν υπερβολικά σε ισχυρισμούς της Χαμάς και δεν κατέστησαν σαφές ότι οι ισχυρισμοί αυτοί δεν μπορούσαν να επαληθευτούν άμεσα. Το ρεπορτάζ άφησε στους αναγνώστες μια λανθασμένη εντύπωση σχετικά με το τι ήταν γνωστό και πόσο αξιόπιστος ήταν ο απολογισμός».

Οι «New York Times» καταλήγουν: «Δεδομένης της ευαίσθητης φύσης της είδησης κατά τη διάρκεια μιας διευρυνόμενης σύγκρουσης και της ευρείας προβολής της, οι συντάκτες των Times θα έπρεπε να είναι πιο προσεκτικοί με την αρχική παρουσίαση και να είναι πιο σαφείς σχετικά με το ποιες πληροφορίες θα μπορούσαν να επαληθευτούν. Οι επικεφαλής της ειδησεογραφικής διεύθυνσης συνεχίζουν να εξετάζουν τις διαδικασίες γύρω από τα μεγαλύτερα έκτακτα ειδησεογραφικά γεγονότα -συμπεριλαμβανομένης της χρήσης των μεγαλύτερων τίτλων στο ψηφιακό ρεπορτάζ- για να καθορίσουν ποιες πρόσθετες διασφαλίσεις μπορεί να δικαιολογούνται».

Το BBC απολογείται για τον τρόπο που κάλυψε την έκρηξη στο νοσοκομείο της Γάζας
Στην ανακοίνωση του BBC για την κάλυψη της είδησης αναφέρεται:

«Επανεξετάσαμε την κάλυψή μας για ό,τι ακολούθησε μετά την έκρηξη στο νοσοκομείο Al-Ahli στην πόλη της Γάζας το βράδυ της Τρίτης. Κατά τη διάρκειά της ο ανταποκριτής μας έδινε άμεση ανάλυση επί τόπου από την Ιερουσαλήμ σε μια είδηση που ήταν συγκεχυμένη και δύσκολη».

Το BBC συμπληρώνει: «Η εκπομπή κατέστησε επανειλημμένα σαφές ότι δεν είχε ακόμη εξακριβώσει ποιος ήταν πίσω από την έκρηξη. Ο ανταποκριτής είπε ότι οι Ισραηλινοί είχαν έρθει σε επαφή και ερευνούσαν, προσθέτοντας: “Είναι δύσκολο να δούμε τι άλλο θα μπορούσε πραγματικά να είναι αυτό, δεδομένου του μεγέθους της έκρηξης, εκτός από μια ισραηλινή αεροπορική επιδρομή ή πολλές αεροπορικές επιδρομές”».

Η ανακοίνωση καταλήγει: «Στη συνέχεια εξήγησε ότι από την εμπειρία του ως δημοσιογράφου στη Γάζα δεν είχε δει ποτέ εκρήξεις τέτοιας κλίμακας που να προκαλούνται από ρουκέτες που εκτοξεύονται από την περιοχή. Τόνισε και πάλι ότι οι εικόνες δεν έχουν ακόμη επαληθευτεί. Δεχόμαστε ότι ακόμη και σε αυτή την ταχέως εξελισσόμενη κατάσταση ήταν λάθος να κάνει εικασίες με αυτόν τον τρόπο για τα πιθανά αίτια και ζητούμε συγγνώμη γι’ αυτό, αν και δεν ανέφερε σε κανένα σημείο ότι επρόκειτο για ισραηλινό χτύπημα. Αυτό δεν αντιπροσωπεύει το σύνολο της παραγωγής του BBC και όποιος βλέπει, ακούει ή διαβάζει την κάλυψή μας μπορεί να δει ότι έχουμε παρουσιάσει τους αντικρουόμενους ισχυρισμούς των δύο πλευρών σχετικά με την έκρηξη, δείχνοντας σαφώς ποιος τους λέει και τι γνωρίζουμε ή δεν γνωρίζουμε».

The crush happened in Chenyi Square in Shanghai’s historic Bund district overlooking the Huangpu river.

Thousands of people had gathered to see in 2015.

Social media reports suggest the stampede was triggered by people stopping to pick up fake money thrown from the balcony of a nightclub.

The Shanghai City government said the situation began to deteriorate at 23:35 local time (15:35 GMT) and that a “working group” had been set up to handle the incident.

Photos posted on social media showed people receiving first aid on the road and large numbers of police securing the area.

This image taken from a nearby hotel showed the packed crowds just before midnight

Eyewitnesses say people linked hands to block the crowds and allow the injured to be treated

Relatives of those injured waited for news at the hospital

Flowers were left at the site of the stampede at the Bund in Shanghai on Thursday morning

Many of the dead are believed to be students, with 25 of them women, state media report.

President Xi Jinping has told the Shanghai government to find the causes of the crush as soon as possible, according to state TV.

A traditional new year fireworks display on the Bund had already been cancelled due to official fears of overcrowding, the Shanghai Daily reports.

The BBC’s John Sudworth in Shanghai says the investigation may focus on why so many people turned out despite the cancellation and whether there were enough police resources in place to look after them.

‘Too many people’

English tourist Rebecca Thomas from Manchester told the BBC she had seen dead bodies on the ground.

“CPR was being given to 10-15 people in the street by loved ones whilst police stood by and watched.

“I asked a police officer if I could help and was told to move along. I saw a man giving his wife or girlfriend mouth-to-mouth on the floor whilst police watched,” she said.

“There were really too many people!” wrote one user of Sina Weibo – a Chinese equivalent of Twitter. “Squeezed inside, you could not budge, and could only move with the crowd.”

The user, called iiisay, added that traffic police had linked hands to form a human wall after the crush, but the wall was still breached several times.

US photographer Gaby Gabriel told the BBC: “Nobody seemed to be in control and people were crying. It was one of those times when you see the worst in people.”

Another Sino Weibo user, Small Metal Makes Steel, said: “At the time there were lots of people, police at the scene maintained order and wouldn’t let people near [the scene of the injuries].”

“Lots of people spontaneously linked hands to block the crowds, so the injured had space to settle down, and to allow a clear passage for ambulances,” he added.

In a statement, the Shanghai City government said that those hurt had been transferred to hospitals across the city, and that the Shanghai party secretary had visited some of the injured.

Earlier, Shanghai’s police department wrote on its verified social media account that some “tourists” had “fallen over” at the Bund, and urged people to leave the area in an orderly fashion.

According to the Shanghai Daily, close to 300,000 people turned up for New Year’s Eve celebrations last year, leading to traffic problems.

Source, BBC

Disabled people in Greece are often stigmatised and can struggle to get the support they need. Some disabled children who live in a state-run home are locked up in cages – staff say they want to improve conditions but money is short.

Nine-year-old Jenny stands and rocks backwards and forwards, staring through the bars of a wooden cage.

When the door is unlocked she jumps down on to the stone floor and wraps her arms tightly around the nurse. But a few minutes later she allows herself to be locked back in again without a fuss.

She is used to her cage. It’s been her home since she was two years old.

Jenny, who has been diagnosed with autism, lives in a state-run institution for disabled children in Lechaina, a small town in the south of Greece, along with more than 60 others, many of whom are locked in cells or cages.

Fotis, who is in his twenties and has Down’s syndrome, sleeps in a small cell separated from the other residents by ceiling-high wooden bars and a locked gate. His cell is furnished only with a single bed. There are no personal possessions in sight anywhere in the centre.

“Are we going on a trip?” is this wiry young man’s hopeful refrain whenever he sees anyone new. But with barely six members of staff caring for more than 65 residents there is rarely an opportunity to leave the centre.

In the small staff room, an array of closed circuit TV screens flicker, permanently tuned into the large wooden boxes that dominate the upstairs rooms.

The poor conditions first came to the attention of the authorities five years ago when a group of European graduates spent several months at the centre as volunteers.

Catarina Neves, a Portuguese psychology graduate was among them.

“On the first day there I was completely shocked… I could never have imagined that we would have this situation in a modern European country but I was even more surprised that the staff were behaving like it was normal,” she says.

The volunteers wrote up their experiences in a document that they sent to politicians, European Union officials, and every human rights and disability rights organisation they could find. Occasionally they received replies thanking them for their email without any promise of action but mostly they were ignored.

Then in 2010 the volunteers’ testimony came to the attention of the Greek ombudsman for the rights of the child who visited the centre and published a damning report in which he highlighted, “the degrading living conditions… the deprivation of care and support provided, the use of sedating medication, children being strapped to their beds, the use of wooden cage-beds for children with learning disabilities, the electronic surveillance, as well as the fact that such practices constitute violations of human rights.”

He also referred to the fact that there had been several deaths at the centre due to a lack of supervision. A 15-year-old died in 2006 after choking on an object he had accidentally swallowed. Ten months later when a 16-year-old died, the post-mortem examination revealed his stomach was full of pieces of fabric, thread and bandages.

The residents, shown here in 2008, have no personal belongings in the home

It was after these incidents that management of the centre decided that the staffing levels made it impossible to protect the children from harm. Their solution was to have the cages custom built for the residents.

However the ombudsman’s report concluded that the cages and any practices employing long-term restraints “are clearly illegal and are in direct contradiction with the obligation for respect and protection of the human rights of the residents,” and he urged the Greek government to take immediate steps to rectify the situation.

But after almost five years the only changes are superficial.

Some of the wooden bars have been painted and funding was found to turn the day room into a soft-play area – but there is still no-one to engage with the residents, who sit alone in the room on plastic mats rocking and staring at the walls while an assistant watches from the doorway.

There is only one nurse and one assistant per floor responsible for more than 20 residents – there is no permanent doctor at the centre.

When residents need to go to hospital, they are accompanied by one of the nurses which means more than 20 residents are left in the care of just one person.

A child being fed through the bars of his bed in 2008

“On a nightshift I was often left alone with three assistants, who are not even nurses, to care for more than 60 patients. If there were any medical problems with the children there was no one to ask for help except God,” says a senior nurse who recently retired from the centre and spoke to the BBC on condition of anonymity.

She says the cages were necessary. “We fought to have those caged beds built to give the children more freedom. Before that the residents were permanently tied by their arms and legs to their beds.

“Anyway, the children are used to them now. They like them.”

Local doctor George Gotis who has been volunteering his services at the centre for more than two decades also sees the cages in a positive light.

“I believe this is one of the best institutions for disabled children not only Greece but in Europe,” he says.

“Many of these profoundly disabled children have lasted far beyond their average life expectancy and these expensive caged beds, which were built to help protect them from injuring themselves, have played a big role in that.”

The new director of the centre Gina Tsoukala, who has not been paid for nearly a year, says she can’t quit because she feels she owes it to the residents to stay and fight their cause.

“Obviously we shouldn’t have cages here but it is impossible for us to manage without them when we have such low levels of staff.”

“Some of the residents have self-destructive tendencies or are quarrelsome and so on the advice of a doctor we have to use these wooden partitions. But the children are still free to communicate and to some degree to interact with each other.”

Gina Tsoukala, director of the centre

At lunchtime the children who are behind bars are fed inside their cages.

The director says only the very basic needs of the children can be covered by her staff. In one shift a nurse and assistant have to change the nappies of more than 20 residents, hose them down, spoon feed them and medicate them.

“We are doing everything we can but we do not have the resources to give anything else,” says Tsoukala.

“More than two thirds of these children have been abandoned by their families and we do not have the time to give them the emotional support we would like, nor to give them the individual care they deserve.”

But arguing that the cages are there for the safety of the children is wrong, says Steven Allen, of The Mental Disability Advocacy Center (MDAC) – an international human rights organisation for people with mental disabilities.

“The cages are there to protect the staff not the children,” he says. “They are based on a model of care that is about coercion, restriction and making people with disabilities easy to manage, not treating them as human beings with rights.

“Being kept in a cage is seriously detrimental to the psychological health of patients, has no therapeutic value and can actually be physically dangerous. There have been cases [elsewhere] where the bars of cages have fallen on to patients and killed them,” he says.

The MDAC says the only other countries which currently use similar caged beds are the Czech Republic and Romania.

The head of the Association for Families and People with Disabilities in Ilia, the local prefecture, Ioannis Papadatos, has his office in a huge state of the art centre designed to cater for people with disabilities.

Complete with swimming pool, physiotherapy and speech therapy facilities, and a large number of flats for semi-independent living, it was built with EU funds. But today it sits empty because the Greek state can’t afford to staff it.

Ioannis Papadatos used to be on the board of trustees for the children’s centre at Lechaina until last year. He says he battled to make conditions better at the centre – two girls with autism now go to a special school for a few hours a day.

But for many residents he says, “The only time they will really be released is when they die.”

This is a subject close to his heart. His first child, 24-year-old Andonis, was born with Down’s syndrome.

Andonis has visited the centre with his father and seen people with similar conditions to his own living behind bars. When asked about it he visibly shivers.

“Oh, don’t talk about it! It gives me the chills,” he says.

Sociable and confident, Andonis is unusual in that he was raised by parents who were proud of him and encouraged him to live as independent a life as possible, in a country where disability is still stigmatised.

Gina Tsoukala says the mothers of some of the residents do not even know of their existence. She believes that in some cases, when disabled children were born, the father and hospital conspired to tell the mother the baby had died.

There are about a dozen centres for disabled children and adults in Greece but getting access to them is difficult and it is unclear what conditions are like inside each of them. The BBC’s requests to visit other institutions in Athens and Sidirokastro, in the north of Greece were refused.

But there are plans to improve the institution at Lechaina and other similar homes, says Efi Bekou, the general secretary in charge of welfare at the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare

“At the moment there are 12 centres for disabled children and adults around Greece but we are opening increasing numbers of homes in the community and hope to eventually close all big institutions.”

She says the economic crisis means that the Greek state is bound to rules set by its lenders in the EU and IMF, including a moratorium on hiring new staff – as a result, she says, it would be impossible to employ the number of staff needed at the centre.

But while she says the government is discussing the children’s situation she admits, “I can’t give you an exact time line for when those children will be transferred out of that institution.”

The names of the children in this article have been changed.

Chloe Hadjimatheou’s report can be heard on World Update on the BBC World Service from 10:00 GMT on Friday 14 November.